USACO 2022 December Contest, Platinum
Problem 2. Making Friends
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There are initially $M$ ($1\le M\le 2\cdot 10^5$) pairs of friends among FJ's $N$ ($2\le N\le 2\cdot 10^5$) cows labeled $1\dots N$. The cows are leaving the farm for vacation one by one. On day $i$, the $i$-th cow leaves the farm, and all pairs of the $i$-th cow's friends still present on the farm become friends. How many new friendships are formed in total?
INPUT FORMAT (input arrives from the terminal / stdin):
The first line contains $N$ and $M$.The next $M$ lines contain two integers $u_i$ and $v_i$ denoting that cows $u_i$ and $v_i$ are friends ($1\le u_i,v_i\le N$, $u_i\neq v_i$). No unordered pair of cows appears more than once.
OUTPUT FORMAT (print output to the terminal / stdout):
One line containing the total number of new friendships formed. Do not include pairs of cows that were already friends at the beginning.SAMPLE INPUT:
7 6 1 3 1 4 7 1 2 3 2 4 3 5
SAMPLE OUTPUT:
5
On day $1$, three new friendships are formed: $(3,4)$, $(3,7)$, and $(4,7)$.
On day $3$, two new friendships are formed: $(4,5)$ and $(5,7)$.
SCORING:
- Test cases 2-3 satisfy $N\le 500$.
- Test cases 4-7 satisfy $N\le 10^4$.
- Test cases 8-17 satisfy no additional constraints.
Problem credits: Benjamin Qi